In this site, the expression structural plaques refer to panels that have characteristics that allow them to impart rigidity to the structure of the building, resisting vertical and lateral loads. Usually, these plates are bolted to the structure of walls, floors, and roofs, constituting a structural diaphragm. Their mechanical characteristics, thicknesses, and spacing of the screws that fix them to the metallic elements are defined by engineering calculations, as determined by the legislation, namely in EC5.
In addition to the function of counter-balancing the metal structure, these plates also serve to coat the skeleton of the building, providing support for subsequent exterior finishing materials, such as the ETICS system. From the inside, they close the cavity between profiles, space where are placed the materials of thermal and acoustic insulation.
The structural plates usually form a diaphragm from the outside, being screwed to the outer flap of the profiles and beams. From the inside, these metal elements are usually coated with non-structural plaques, such as gypsum. However, sometimes these plates are placed on the inside when you want to create a surface that later allows you to attach heavy objects, such as kitchen furniture.
Types of plates
There are several types of boards that can be used for the functions described above. The marine plywood, known in the US for plywood has been used for many years. Cement plates, such as those of the brand VIROC ®, are also often applied. However, over the last few years, OSB boards have been favored by most builders because of their versatility, excellent thermal behavior, easy application, sustainability and competitive price. We remind, however, that not all brands or classes of OSB are suitable for the structural purposes needed in a building.
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